Pharmacogenetics (often abbreviated as PGx) is the study of the ways in which our genetics affects our ability to respond to medications. It is a relatively new field, its progress accelerated by the Human Genome Project and the study of molecular biology.

A small number of genes controls the way our bodies react to medication. Researchers have identified variations in these genes and have correlated these with variations in the way patients metabolize different drugs. It is now possible in many cases to predict how a given patient is going to react to a given drug. Physicians armed with that knowledge can adjust dosages or even select alternative therapies, which decreases their patients' risk of experiencing Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs).

ADRs are a serious problem, and can result in hospitalizations, disability and even death. Studies show that ADRs take more than 100,000 lives and cost the healthcare system billions of dollars every year. Pharmacogenetic testing can significantly reduce the risk of ADRs by helping physicians identify which of their patients are at risk, and guiding them in choosing alternative therapies. The ultimate goal is fully individualized therapy

Anyone who has experienced an Adverse Drug Reaction, has a family history of ADRs or who is about to begin a therapeutic drug regimen is a candidate for pharmacogenetics testing. Obviously, it's more important with some drugs than others, but in general if a drug is powerful enough to require a prescription it's worth checking to see if pharmacogenetics testing will help your physician prescribe the right dosage. Even some over-the-counter medications carry an increased risk of ADRs when taken in combination with certain prescription medications. Always be certain to tell your doctor and pharmacist about all the medications you take, whether they're over-the-counter or prescription.

Please see the most current drug list for examples of the medications for which we offer pharmacogenetics testing. Also see our test menu.

Pharmacogenetics testing is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. Knowing your genetic test results - your genotype - is like knowing your blood type; once you've got the information in your medical record, it's there whenever you need it. Your doctor can use your pharmacogenetic information in prescribing medications for the rest of your life. Just as your blood type doesn't change over time, neither does your genetic make-up.

Absolutely. As a rule, you should bring up any medical concern with your physician, but in the case of a new field like pharmacogenetics testing, it's important that you ask your doctor to find out if it's something you'd benefit from. To help you and your physician to learn more, we suggest you get the discussion started with this letter from our company's founder and president.

View the most current list of drugs which have been identified as candidates for pharmacogenetics testing.

Not at all. Doctors are very careful when they prescribe drugs that pose a risk of ADRs. If you're on such a medication, you no doubt have had follow-up appointments, blood tests, and other procedures to make sure the drug is having the desired therapeutic effect. If you've been taking your medication chronically and have had no problems, the medicine has probably stabilized in your system and you're doing just fine.

Pharmacogenetics testing done before prescribing drugs provides another layer of safety, and may eventually eliminate the need for so many follow-up blood tests and trips to the clinic. If you're on medication, stay on it. If you have questions about pharmacogenetics testing or if you think your medication is not working properly, talk to your physician.

Laws vary from state to state. Some states allow patients to order their own medical tests and others don't. Because pharmacogenetics testing requires a carefully gathered and preserved blood sample, we recommend that you order the test through your physician. You can take a copy of our Test Requisition Form to share with your physician.

Pharmacogenetics testing is covered by most insurance providers. For specific information regarding your benefits, contact your provider. When your tests are ordered, PGXL Laboratories will file the claim with your insurance provider. Any co-pays and deductibles as determined by your plan remain the responsibility of the insured. Uninsured patients, please contact the laboratory for pricing and payment options.